Listado de la etiqueta: Overweight

Sweeteners

The dangers of artificial sweeteners and healthy alternatives

Artificial sweeteners (AS) such as saccharin, sucralose and aspartame have gained popularity due to their ability to provide sweetness without calories. However, recent preclinical and clinical studies have indicated that they may have adverse health effects, particularly on gut microbiota and glucose tolerance.

Health impact

Changes in gut microbiota

Artificial sweeteners may alter the composition of the gut microbiota, which may induce glucose intolerance. This change depends on the individual’s existing microbiota, suggesting that its effects may vary. A study published in Nature found that sucralose and aspartame modify the gut microbiota, increasing the risk of glucose intolerance and insulin resistance (Suez et al., 2014). ( Nature )​.

Effects on glycaemic tolerance

Disruption of the microbiota can lead to impaired glucose tolerance, increasing the risk of developing diabetes and other metabolic problems. An article in Cell Metabolism reported that artificial sweeteners, when metabolised by the gut microbiota, produce metabolites that affect blood glucose regulation (Cani et al., 2008).​ ( Nature )​.

Effects on the hypothalamus

Recent research has shown that artificial sweeteners can induce stress in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of the hypothalamus, a region crucial for the regulation of appetite and energy balance. A study published in Frontiers in Neuroscience found that sucralose and acesulfame-K (ACEK) induce ER stress, which may negatively affect cell viability and axonal growth regulation in hypothalamic neurons (Ahmad et al., 2020). ( Frontiers )​.

Another study in The Journal of Physiological Sciences showed that sucralose activates sweet taste receptors in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus, increasing intracellular calcium concentration and altering taste perception and appetite regulation (Kojima et al., 2015).​ ( BioMed Central )​. These effects may contribute to a disruption in satiety signalling and an increase in caloric intake.

Additional risks

Artificial sweeteners can trick the body, increasing appetite and calorie intake, which contributes to weight gain. In addition, they can interfere with liver detoxification and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer. A study in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) showed a correlation between artificial sweetener consumption and increased risk of cardiovascular disease (Azad et al., 2017). ( Nature )​.

Natural alternatives

Stevia and Luo Han Guo

These natural options not only sweeten, but also provide health benefits without the risks associated with artificial sweeteners. Stevia, for example, has been shown to have antihypertensive and anti-diabetic effects in clinical studies (Ruiz-Ojeda et al., 2019). ( MDPI )​.

Beware of sugar alcohols

Although less harmful than artificial sweeteners, sugar alcohols such as xylitol and erythritol should be consumed in moderation to avoid digestive problems. A study published in BMC Gastroenterology indicated that excessive consumption of sugar alcohols may cause gastrointestinal distress in some people (Tu et al., 2018).​ ( MDPI )​.

Agave syrup

Although natural and low on the glycaemic index, agave syrup is high in fructose, which can cause insulin resistance and weight gain if consumed in excess. It is crucial to use it in moderation and as part of a balanced diet. A study in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition warned about the negative effects of high fructose consumption on metabolism (Stanhope, 2012). ( MDPI )​.

Tips for a healthy life

  1. Avoid artificial sweeteners and ultra-processed drinks. Opt for natural foods and drinks, and read labels carefully to avoid hidden artificial sweeteners.
  2. Sweeten in moderation. If you need to sweeten, use natural alternatives and keep consumption in moderation.
  3. Adequate hydration. Drink pure, filtered water. You can add a little lemon juice for flavour..

Table of sweeteners

Sweetener Type Health Effects Harmful effects
Aspartame Artificial None significant Alterations in the gut microbiota, possible cancer risk, neurotoxic effects in high doses ( Nature )​​ ( Frontiers )
Sucralose Artificial None significant Alterations in the gut microbiota, stress on the endoplasmic reticulum of the hypothalamus, high-dose cytotoxicity ( Frontiers )​​( BioMed Central )
Saccharine Artificial None significant Alterations in gut microbiota, possible cancer risk in animal studies ( Nature )
Acesulfame-K (ACEK) Artificial None significant Hypothalamic endoplasmic reticulum stress, increased caspase 3/7 activity in hypothalamic cells​ ( Frontiers )
Neotamo Artificial None significant Little evidence available on long-term effects ( Springer )
Advantame Artificial None significant Little evidence available on long-term effects ( Springer )
Stevia Natural Antihypertensive and antidiabetic effects ( MDPI ) Possible laxative effect in high doses ( MDPI )
Luo Han Guo Natural Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory( MDPI ) Little evidence available on adverse effects ( MDPI )
Erythritol Sugar alcohol Reduced impact on blood glucose( MDPI ) Gastrointestinal distress in high doses ( MDPI )
Xylitol Sugar alcohol Improving dental health​( MDPI ) Gastrointestinal discomfort, laxative effects in high doses ( MDPI )
Sorbitol Sugar alcohol Reduced impact on blood glucose( MDPI ) Gastrointestinal discomfort, laxative effects in high doses ( MDPI )
Mannitol Sugar alcohol Reduced impact on blood glucose( MDPI ) Gastrointestinal discomfort, laxative effects in high doses ( MDPI )
Isomaltose Sugar alcohol Reduced impact on blood glucose( MDPI ) Gastrointestinal discomfort, laxative effects in high doses ( MDPI )
Maltitol Sugar alcohol Reduced impact on blood glucose( MDPI ) Gastrointestinal discomfort, laxative effects in high doses ( MDPI )
Agave syrup Natural Low glycemic index( MDPI ) High fructose content, insulin resistance, weight gain( MDPI )

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Dr. Carmen Romero

EMOTIONAL HUNGER

Emotional hunger or food cravings? Discover the causes and solutions

If you constantly think about eating, you may be experiencing emotional hunger or food cravings. This behaviour is neither normal nor appropriate, and may be indicative of several underlying factors. In this article, we will explore the causes that may be behind this phenomenon and how you can manage it to improve your well-being.

EMOTIONAL HUNGER

EMOTIONAL HUNGER

Factors contributing to emotional hunger

1️⃣ Emotions and emotional hunger

Stress, depression and anxiety play a crucial role in emotional eating. Studies have shown that difficulties in emotional regulation can lead to overeating behaviours, especially in response to negative emotions.

Emotional hunger is behind many cases of overweight. This type of programming can arise from unmet emotional needs, unresolved grief or on going stress. In these cases, food becomes a resource to satiate this unconscious need, resulting in unwanted weight.

2️⃣ Unconscious programming and its impact

In the realm of relationships, many unconscious programming can lead to similar results: weight that we are uncomfortable with. Some of this programming includes seeking acceptance, imitating people we admire, avoiding partners, or being visible and receiving attention.

We can have many other programming with their respective benefits, such as the use of weight as protection, avoiding of sexual relations, or self-sabotage due to various fears.

3️⃣ High glucose levels

Eating foods high in sugar can cause spikes and drops in your blood glucose levels. When you eat something very sugary, your glucose levels rise rapidly, giving your body a burst of energy.. However, this energy quickly disappears, causing a drop in your glucose levels. This drop can make you feel tired and hungry again, leading you to eat more sugar to get another burst of energy. This cycle of peaks and troughs can make you feel constantly hungry and makes it difficult to maintain stable energy levels.

EMOTIONAL HUNGER

EMOTIONAL HUNGER

4️⃣ Addictive substances in processed products

Many processed foods contain additives that can cause addiction. These additives, such as flavour enhancers, preservatives and colourings, are designed to make food more attractive and tasty. However, they can also make you feel the need to eat more of these foods, even when you are not hungry. For example, crisps, soft drinks and sweets often have ingredients that activate the pleasure centres in the brain, similar to the way some drugs do. This can lead to a cycle of cravings and overconsumption, making it difficult to control your eating.

5️⃣ Orexins produced by the consumption of cereals and dairy products

Orexins are neuropeptides produced in the hypothalamus that regulate wakefulness and appetite. These compounds play a crucial role in activating wakefulness and increasing appetite. Consumption of certain foods, such as cereals and dairy products, can stimulate the production of orexins, which in turn increases feelings of hunger.. Orexins influence the regulation of energy balance and can make you feel hungrier after consuming these foods.

6️⃣ Intestinal or systemic Candidiasis

An imbalance in the gut microbiota, such as fungal overgrowth, can affect how your body processes food and how you feel about hunger and satiety. In particular, an intestinal or systemic candidiasis may increase the need to eat, especially foods rich in carbohydrates and sweets. This is because the Candida fungus uses these foods as its main source of energy.. When Candida overgrowth occurs, the body may send signals of cravings for these foods, which increases consumption of carbohydrates and sugars, perpetuating the cycle of fungal growth and constant hunger.

EMOTIONAL HUNGER

EMOTIONAL HUNGER

7️⃣ Insufficient sleep

Lack of sleep not only affects your energy and mood, but can also increase hunger. When you don’t get enough sleep, your body produces more ghrelin, a hormone that stimulates appetite, and less leptin, a hormone that suppresses appetite. This means that not only do you feel hungrier, but you are also more likely to reach for high-calorie, unhealthy foods. Lack of sleep can also affect the areas of your brain that control decision-making, making it difficult to resist cravings and make healthy food choices

8️⃣ Dehydration

Thirst can sometimes be mistaken for hunger. Mild dehydration can make you feel hungry when you really only need water. Staying well hydrated can help reduce feelings of hunger and unnecessary cravings.

9️⃣Lack of nutrients

Lack of certain essential nutrients in your diet, such as protein, fibre and healthy fats, can make you feel constantly hungry. These nutrients help keep you feeling fuller for longer. Making sure you eat a balanced diet can help you control hunger.

Conclusion

Understanding and addressing the causes of emotional hunger is critical to improving your relationship with food and your overall well-being. There are organic or physical causes and emotional causes that need to be identified in order to address them successfully. Identify your unconscious programming and work on reprogramming it to promote a healthier and more balanced life. Start transforming your life today!

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